Hip-hop :: Papers

Hip-hop Recently, I took a walk around the floor on which I live and asked anyone who I found for their definition of "hip-hop." I wasn't able to ask everyone on the floor, but I really didn't need to either. From the 15 or so people I asked, I got a similar answer, and each was that which I expected to hear. Some of my floormates thought that hip-hop was rap music, others said it was both rap and R&B, and only one person had a good idea of what it actually is. Hip-hop is a culture, and there is a common misconception that hip-hop refers solely to a genre of music. The dictionary definition of hip-hop is "a subculture especially of inner-city youths whose amusements include rap music, graffiti, and break-dancing" (Mish 549). This is a pretty accurate definition of hip-hop. There is a lot more to hip-hop but the dictionary does a good job of giving it a brief definition. The definition explains why I know what hip-hop really is and also why I'm bothered when someone thinks hip-hop is the same as rap. I grew up and have lived my entire life in New York City, perhaps the most urban and diverse place to live in on Earth. It's not possible for a teenager to be more exposed to hip-hop than he is in New York City. I'm also a youth, and people in my age group are more exposed to the culture than those of any other age group. Hip-hop is simply more appealing to young people, but this is not to say that adults can't like hip-hop as well. My roommate said that he wishes he could know more about hip-hop, but where he's from it's simply not possible. He has been exposed to hip-hop more in the past two months than in the eighteen years of his life before that, simply because he has me for a roommate. This came as somewhat of a surprise to me, because I never knew that hip-hop was so non-existent in suburbs such as Mansfield, PA, where my roommate is from. My roommate is definitely not the only person at Penn State from a suburb, so there are many other students here who know even less about the culture than him. My goal, therefore, is to inform these people about hip-hop enough so that they realize there's a lot more to it than just rap music.

The Harmonious Multi-Racial Country

Community members who live in our country live in peace and harmony. The relationship between multi-racial society like the Malays, Chinese and Indians are so closely intertwined and form a close-knit community. The idea of the establishment of Datuk Seri Najib B. Tun Abd. Razak about the slogan â€Å"1 Malaysia† has brought our country towards a paradigm shift and change the way of life of a society of living in Malaysia. However, the initiative, the initiative must be implemented by all parties to maintain peace and harmony in our country? Prakasa premier harmonious multi-racial society in Malaysia is the attitude of the individual.This is so because, generally be safe a community depends on the individual. Each individual should adopt less ansurdan mutual love love each other. Every citizen should always practice 17 moral values in their daily lives. With the availability of pure practitioner attitudes within society in Malaysia, live every society people of all races wil l always be peace and harmony. For example, our house open house in conjunction with a festival like Hari Raya, we should not prevent our neighbors even if they are not the same religion as us from our visit together to celebrate with us.If every citizen to practice tolerance and love love each other, it would be a multi-racial society harmony can be maintained, because the house because sasaknya robust, resilient as the integrity of the nation state . Strictly speaking, the attitude of the individual plays the most important role to maintain the harmony and prosperity of a plural society in Malaysia today. In addition, the school also has acted as a multiracial society living in our country in order to live in peace and harmony.The school must provide activities that involve community NATURE various social and ethnic groups. Next, the school also should encourage the application of the traditional dress of their own race while sambuatan-like celebration of Independence Day celebrat ions, festivals and so on, so multi-ethnic society in our country will be able to feel the blessings of harmony and prosperity live in a plural society of Malaysia. For example, for the Malays to wear shirts baju Melayu and Chinese while wearing a cheongsam and wear saris for Indians.This attitude was successfully instill in students a sense of unity will continue next flourish when they enter adulthood. Indeed, the school plays an important role in maintaining the harmony and prosperity of a plural society in Malaysia country, says a proverb, if not broken ruyung can sagunya cuisine. Community of practice is also one of the measures to maintain harmony among the various races in Malaysia. Practice good society can safeguard plural society in Malaysia. Of peace can be maintained with the participation of all races and all activities are conducted in a community.For example, the adoption of the annual community sports tradition with the involvement of all different ethnic groups acco mpanied by the adoption of attitudes in traditionally done commendable. If the traditional practices of a community with the involvement of various races not practiced, of course, will not sustain social harmony. In short, the traditional practices of community involvement plural society to maintain peace and prosperity of the community living in multi-ethnic communities, as explained under the proverb to the same groove descendants, the same mountain to climb.In addition, the mass media also play an important role in maintaining peace and harmony among the various races in the country. This is so because, the mass media is a mechanism or means of mass media that delivers information and news to the public quickly and in a short time. Attitudes are easily influenced by mass media such as radio or television is a common scenario that we see today. With the publication of advertisements or stories on the theme of unity and harmony, the spirit of love for peace will continue to be embe dded in the chest of all people in Malaysia.For example, stories, and advertisements as the movie â€Å"Papadom† and TM advertisement featuring the friendship between races like the Malays, Chinese and Indians. In the event, the mass media do not play their role as the fastest means of mass media, surely harmony and prosperity of the community is difficult to maintain in the community in our country. It is clear that the mass media is the link between the community mechanism in maintaining a harmonious multi-racial society in Malaysia. Government also plays an important role in maintaining a harmonious ulti-racial society in our country. This is so because our country practicing democracy and ruled by a government that is fair and equitable. Notion of â€Å"1 Malaysia† is constantly changing depending on an important event has led to a drastic transformation in maintaining national harmony. Every citizen should be willing to fight and sacrifice their lives to defend th e sovereignty of a price, security and way of life regardless of race. For example during the 54th Independence Day in 2011, the founder of the slogan â€Å"1 Malaysia†, the sixth Prime Minister of Malaysia Datuk Seri Mohd Najib B.Abdul Razak has made the theme â€Å"1 Malaysia† on the theme of ‘transformation successful, prosperous people. † Should the government play a role properly, honest and trustworthy is certainly well-being in a multi-ethnic society can be maintained. Tegaslah that the government is a party that plays an important role in maintaining a harmonious multi-racial society. conclusion, all parties should work together to maintain peace and harmony among human societies, races in our country.In this context, civil society must work together and compromise as well as the practice of traditional practices and collaboration between the school, the mass media and the government to maintain the harmony of the society in Malaysia. Therefore, in conjunction with the 54th Merdeka Day and the month of the formation of Malaysia, let us strive to be more patriotic, pledge to give full contribution to the community mediators, more united and willing to sacrifice for the country as indeed ‘ Round the bamboo water , round man for reconciliation ‘.

The Modern Age Presents Multiple Channels For Action,...

The modern age presents multiple channels for action, dialogue and discussion. Furthermore, social and political thought suggests that spaces of remembrance encourage understanding, thought and reflection. Thus, it is thought that memory holds vast opportunities to mend the of frailty of human affairs. Good deeds, when reified into memories can be held up to be replicated, or possibly surpassed in the future. Yet the process of memorialisation is often contested, for the formation of memory can only occur in retrospect – on behalf of someone or something. Public commemoration is a difficult process, as it simplifies and condenses complex stories at the cost of omitting others. Thus, spaces of remembrance can become spaces of contestation, and memory entails political risk. Memory presents a crucial tension in the network of ideas and action, which are both public and private. It is not only central to improving the frailty of human affairs, it is a dauntingly complex process weaved with intrinsically personal reflections, which, leads us to the fundamental paradox of memory. Memory is crucial to the public realm, but it originates within. Furthermore, the modern age multiplies spaces of remembrance presenting an unfettered opportunity to improve the frailty of human affairs. Yet, the contestation of memories such as those in war have often been internalised, and thus refuted on a deeply personal level – to challenge mourning is viewed as perverse act of disrespectful to theShow MoreRelatedMass Media and Evangelization in the Church8919 Words   |  36 PagesMass Media became very important. The Media texts which the individual picks up or turns on must be understood in the way of a dialogue. The Media are involved in relationships of a dialogue because they inspire some kind of response on the part of the reader, viewer or listener. Media texts are fundamentally dialogic, i.e., they are fundamentally involved in a dialogue. This is because they are intended to provoke some kind of response from the audience. Keith Tester says that, â€Å"it is even possibleRead MoreMining Unstructured Text to Build E-Democracy3459 Words   |  14 PagesMining Unstructured Text to Build e-democracy Background In todays day and age, internet and wireless technologies are increasingly able to provide a way for citizens to engage in political discussions, which is much more involved than in traditional democracy and government action. As such, in this technological realm, the government is able to enter unstructured data into these citizen-created dialogues, which has begun to pave the way to mainly e-democracy and also m-democracy. In viewingRead MoreOld Age Homes: A Lucrative Business Opportunity10484 Words   |  42 PagesOld Age Homes Ââ€"Why it can be a Lucrative Business Opportunity Synopsis Genesis In the Vedic times, human life of a hundred years was divided into four segments or ashrams. A seven year old was supposed to live in Brahmacharya - ashram / gurukul or a present day distant equivalent of a boarding school till his twenties. The second quarter of his life was to be spent as a householder or a Grhasthya. In the third quarter, he was to retire from routine household activities and set out into the forestsRead MoreEffect of Television Research6869 Words   |  28 Pagestheir childhood. In this era, it is really hard to find a child that never watches television unless they are really poor people. According to (Jezek, The History of Television), â€Å"the television has become such an integral part of homes in the modern world that it is hard to imagine life without television.† What is a day without television? Are we really can live without television? How important is television in our daily life? These kinds of questions might have different answers becauseRead More Industrial Psychology Essay8415 Words   |  34 Pageswork simulators, computer-assisted instruction, and role playing. Industrial psychologists devote much time to job satisfaction. They investigate factors that have been found to relate to satisfaction, including employee turnover, absenteeism, age, pay, and attitudes toward unions. Industrial psychologists also study motivation because evidence suggests that both motivation and ability are necessary for employees to succeed in their jobs. Thus, psychologists develop systems for rewarding goodRead MoreFamily Tree19118 Words   |  77 PagesFAMILY TREE OF THEORIES, METHODOLOGIES AND STRATEGIES IN DEVELOPMENT COMMUNICATION Silvio Waisbord, PhD Prepared for The Rockefeller Foundation INTRODUCTION This report presents a family tree of theories, concepts, methodologies and strategies for change in the field of development communication. It presents a chronological evolution and comparison of approaches and findings. The goal of this report is to clarify the understandings and the uses of the most influential theories, strategiesRead MoreANALIZ TEXT INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS28843 Words   |  116 Pagespeople, and for this reason it is virtually impossible to discuss plot in isolation from character. Character and plot are, in fact, intimately and reciprocally related, especially in modern fiction. A major function of plot can be said to be the representation of characters in action, though as we will see the action involved can be internal and psychological as well as external and physical. In order for a plot to begin, some kind of catalyst is necessary. An existing equilibrium or stasis mustRead Moredigital marketing impact on consumer buying behavior13654 Words   |  55 PagesEconomics HSE Print 2006 The Effects of Digital Marketing Communication on Customer Loyalty: An Integrative Model and Research Propositions ABSTRACT The cost efficiency and diversity of digital channels facilitate marketers’ frequent and interactive communication with their customers. Digital channels like the Internet, email, mobile phones and digital television offer new prospects to cultivate customer relationships. However, there are a few models explaining how digital marketing communicationRead MoreConfucianism in Journey to the West31834 Words   |  128 PagesWukong†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 21 5.1.3. Altered Content: Mischief or Sins?............. 22 5.2. Differences in Referential Methods†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 24 5.2.1. The Decrease in â€Å"Dialogue Content† – Do Actions Speak Louder Than Words?.............. 26 5.2.2. The Decrease in â€Å"Other† – The Importance of Narrating†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 27 5.2.3. The Increase in â€Å"Dialogue Form† – Repetitive Referencing†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 28 6. Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 30 Bibliography†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 32 Appendix A Read MorePost Bureaucracy and the Politics7341 Words   |  30 Pagesatomisation of organizational sub-units, the decentralisation of management autonomy, the creation of market and quasi-market mechanisms . . . [and] . . . the creation of performance indicators. Post bureaucracy promises new forms of strategic action which will assume a more creative and open form. Comment on â€Å"hybrid political regimes† and â€Å"democratic hierarchies† is centred on the long-standing question of how organisations combine centralised control and co-ordination of resources with the

Flannery OConnor and William Faulkners Characters and...

Flannery OConnor and William Faulkners Characters and Morality Flannery O’Connor and William Faulkner refuse to surrender to the temptation of writing fanciful stories where the hero defeats the villain and everyone lives happily ever after. Instead, these two writers reveal realistic portrayals of death and the downfall of man. Remarkably, O’Connor and Faulkner’s most emotionally degraded characters fail to believe that an omnipotent deity controls their fate. This belief directly correlates to the characters’ inability to follow a strict set of morals or value human life. On the other hand, one might expect Faulkner and O’Connor’s â€Å"Christian† characters to starkly contrast the vile heathens who deny the existence of God.†¦show more content†¦Finally, a young lady sees through the hypocrisy and rages against Mrs. Turpin, whispering, â€Å"Go back to hell where you belong, you old wart hog. This comment pierces Mrs. Turpin’s very soul and makes her question her way of li fe. Faced with the concept that she is not the respectable woman she thinks she is, Mrs. Turpin questions God and His plans for her life. Traditionally, southerners attend church, worship the Lord, and look to their pastors for guidance. In fact, most people tend to place their ministers on a pedestal with a more rigid standard of morality. As sheep following a shepherd, a church follows its pastor with trust and conviction. However, Faulkner makes it clear that even the most prominent and up standing men may have hidden sins. For instance, Whitfield, the town preacher, and Addie Bundren conceal their affair from society. Whitfield longs for forgiveness and states, â€Å"I have sinned, O Lord. Thou knowest the extent of my remorse and the will of my spirit.† However, due to Whitfield’s position in the church, he should be held to a higher standard. Although he repents of his sin, he carries a burden of iniquity that will inevitably interfere with other relationships he has built in the church. Similarly, the grandmother in A Good Man is Hard to Find seeks after her own interests and not tho se of her family even though she appears to be the epitome of a God fearing southern woman. She manipulates her grandchildren andShow MoreRelatedA Rose for Emily - Biography William Faulkner3892 Words   |  16 PagesBIOGRAPHY William Faulkner (September 25, 1897 – July 6, 1962) was a Nobel Prize-winning American author. One of the most influential writers of the 20th century, his reputation is based on his novels, novellas and short stories. However, he was also a published poet and an occasional screenwriter. Most of Faulkners works are set in his native state of Mississippi, and he is considered one of the most important Southern writers, along with Mark Twain, Robert Penn Warren, Flannery OConnor, Truman

Maya Angelous I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings Essay

Maya Angelous I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings Maya shields herself against the confusion of St. Louis by reading fairy-tales and telling herself that she does not intend on staying there anyway. Vivian works in a gambling parlor at night. Maya pities Mr. Freeman because he spends his days at home waiting for Vivian to return. Maya begins sleeping at night with Vivian and Mr. Freeman because she suffers from nightmares. One morning after Vivian has left the bed and the house,†¦show more content†¦Freeman sends Maya to buy milk. When she returns from the errand, Mr. Freeman rapes her. He threatens to kill her if she screams, and he threatens to kill Bailey if she tells anyone. Afterward, Mr. Freeman sends her to th e library, but Maya returns home because of the intense physical pain she feels between her legs. She hides her underwear under her mattress and goes to bed. Vivian thinks she might be coming down with the measles. Later that night, Maya hears Vivian argue with Mr. Freeman. In the morning, Vivian tells Maya that Mr. Freeman has moved out. When Bailey tries to change the linens, the bloodied panties Maya has hidden under the mattress fall out. Summary: Chapter 13 Vivian takes Maya to the hospital. Bailey privately urges Maya to name the rapist, assuring her that he would not allow the culprit to kill him. Maya reveals Mr. Freemans name, the authorities promptly arrest him. Maya thinks of herself as a grown woman, remembering that her nurses told her that she has already experienced the worst that life has to offer. Maya feels caught in a trap when the attorney asks her whether there were any sexual incidents with Mr. Freeman prior to the rape. She fears rejection from her family if she admits to the previous incidents, butShow MoreRelatedSummary Of Maya Angelous I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings1363 Words   |  6 Pagescenturies. In fact, progress in general depends on new minds and ideas separating from their ancestors’ â€Å"old-fashioned† ways of living and thinking. Maya Angelou expertly depicted this diversity of progressive thought in her first autobiography, which focused primarily on her childhood. The three generations Angelou portrays in I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings--Mommas, her parents, and her own--represent the diversity of progressive outlooks and, despite their obvious divides on accepting circumstancesRead MoreRacism in Maya Angelous I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings Essay1643 Words   |  7 PagesRacism in Maya Angelous I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings Maya Angelou, the current poet laureate of the United States, has become for many people an exemplary role model. She read an original poem at the inauguration of President Clinton; she has also appeared on the television show Touched by an Angel, and there read another poem of her own composition; she lectures widely, inspiring young people to aim high in life. Yet this is an unlikely beginning for a woman who, by the age of thirtyRead MoreThe Theme of Racism in Maya Angelou’s Novel, I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings 842 Words   |  3 PagesIn this essay I will be talking about how the theme of Racism is developed throughout Maya Angelou’s I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings novel. Angelou on the second page states, â€Å"Wouldn’t they be surprised when one day I woke out of my black ugly dream, and my real hair, which was long and blond, would take the place of the kinky mass that Momma wouldn’t let me straighten? My light-blue eyes were going to hypnotize them, after all the things they said about â€Å"my daddy must have been a Chinaman†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬  (AngelouRead MoreOpression in Maya Angelou’s I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings and James McBride’s Color of Water1965 Words   |  8 Pagesdoom, non-violent actions and a violent response. Overall, he emphasizes community involvement, working together and dropping racial barriers as the solution to oppression. In Maya Angelou’s I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings and James McBride’s Color of Water, Maya Angelou and Ruth McBride Jordan face similar challenges; Maya Angelou faces segregation and internal oppression and Ruth McBride faces segregation, gender and religious oppression. Through their struggles, these two women strive to make aRead MoreOppression Due to Societys Misconception in Maya Angelous Autobiography, I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings597 Words   |  2 PagesThe theme that Maya Angelou incorporates into her autobiography, â€Å"I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings† is one of imprisonment because of the oppression dictated on the subject through the misconceptions of society. The title itself suggests imprisonment as the overlying theme. Assuming that the bird mentioned in the title is Maya, one can analyze that the cage is the oppressive beliefs of society and the reason why the bird sings is that it wants to combat racism by explaining that the cage cannot confineRead MoreI Know Why The Caged Bird Sings1482 Words   |  6 Pages Maya Angelou tells of her life experiences and struggles in her book â€Å"I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings† that gives us insight about Maya’s life as a young black girl growing up in a time of racism. The novel discusses various forms of oppression that she had to face as well cope with them. Robert A. Gross wrote an analysis for Newsweek about the book and claimed that Angelou’s book is not only an interesting story of her own experience, but also a portray al of a Southern black communityRead More Maya Angelou: A Source of Humanity Essay1329 Words   |  6 PagesMaya Angelou: A Source of Humanity I am human, Angelou said, and nothing human can be alien to me (Shafer). Maya Angelou just may be the most human person in the world. Indeed, with all of the struggles she went through in her early life, her humanness increasingly deepened. Her life was characterized by the instability of her childhood and her family, along with the challenge of being a black woman growing up in 19th century America. The deepness of her humanness is evident in allRead MoreMaya Angelou1001 Words   |  5 PagesMaya Angelou You may shoot me with your words, you may cut me with your eyes, you may kill me with your hatefulness. But still, like air, Ill rise. Have you ever been so influenced by such a small amount of powerful words? This brilliant quote extracted from Maya Angelous own poem, Still I Rise, basically brings out the spirit and nature of each of her publications. Maya Angelous works of poetry are seen as inspiration for those who have been discriminated for their public appearances. AsRead MoreIgnorance And Racism In I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings706 Words   |  3 Pagesstory or novel. The book I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings by Maya Angelou has three prominent motifs which are represented throughout the book. Ignorance and illiteracy, self-esteem, and racism are all present motifs in Maya Angelou’s autobiographical novel. Ignorance and illiteracy are displayed by Momma and Maya, respectively. Momma displays ignorance when she does not understand the new slang of the times and Maya s how illiteracy when she gets pregnant by accident. Maya struggles with being a NegroRead MoreI Know Why The Caged Bird Sings By Maya Angelou Analysis1661 Words   |  7 PagesAmendment to The United States Constitution prevents congress from making any law that abides from the freedom of speech. Equally, authors like Maya Angelou have the freedom of speech in our country to write, and in Angelous case, the freedom to write about her life. Maya Angelou, one of the most banned authors in The United States, wrote I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings. Her autobiography depicts rape, explicit language and racism. It has been used in educational settings such as high schools and universities

Consumer Behavior Tv Advertising Free Essays

Television advertisements are paid for by an organization (usually a business) to convey a message and to market or promote a specific product or service. These advertisements can range in length from a few seconds to several minutes and have been used since 1941. These advertisements usually get the prospected consumers’ attention and often times persuade them to urchasing the product or service. We will write a custom essay sample on Consumer Behavior Tv Advertising or any similar topic only for you Order Now This type of advertisement is in the form of entertainment and needs to be creative. Humor is one of the most widely used techniques in advertising around the world, with about one out of every five television ads containing humorous appeals, but do they actually get us to laugh or smile. Despite the wide array of contemporary advertising formats and media, television advertising remains the most dominant form to which typical consumers are exposed. Research on attitudes toward advertising in general (Att-AiG) implicitly assumes that the Att-AiG measure represents advertising as a whole. A major finding of the current research is that consumers tend to have a mental representation, or exemplar, of the most typical type of advertising†television advertising†when they televtston advertising. To test for typicality effects on reported Att-AiG, we conducted an experiment to test that Att-AiG is closely related to attitudes toward television advertising (Att- TV, ereafter), because television advertising is activated when participants report their Att-AiG. he experiment was a one-factor-between-group design with seven groups: one control group and six experimental groups. A total of 134 undergraduate students from the same population as Study 1 participated in the experiment. Participants were randomly assigned to one of the seven conditions. Gender was balanced. Advertising and marketing students were not included in the experiment.. Each of the 33 items was tested across the 7 conditions via ANOVA and post hoc ests. How to cite Consumer Behavior Tv Advertising, Papers

The Modern Business

Question: 1. Examine the link between accounting and other key management functions. 2. Explain the ways in which accounting policies can be influenced by factors external to a business. 3. Demonstrate an appreciation for organisational factors, which could influence the effectiveness of the function of accounting. Answer: Introduction In the present scenario, the modern business organizations have realized the importance of corporate social responsibility. This further helps the organization to satisfy the wants and needs of their stakeholders. The given report will throw light on the importance of corporate social responsibility and its essence for meeting the strategic purpose of all the modern business organizations (Tully, 2012). Lastly, more than a few amounts of recommendations will be given to the management of the organizations in order to accept or reject the concept of corporate social responsibility. The organization chosen in the given case is Illuminate Ltd. The report will be presented to the board of directors of the organization (Azmat and Zutshi, 2012). 1. Explanation of the term Corporate Social responsibility The term corporate social responsibility interprets about the responsibility of the modern business organizations towards meeting the objectives of their internal and external stakeholders. In other words, the integration of social and economic factors by a respective business organization can be defined as corporate social responsibility of the modern business organizations. Beams (2012) infer that actions taken in favor to meet the social and economic concerns of all the stakeholders are termed as corporate social responsibility of the organization. In addition to this, many modern authors define the term of corporate social responsibility as the manner to carry out the business in an ethically manner. There are several processes of carrying the process of corporate social responsibility. One of the processes of carrying the approach of corporate social responsibility is triple bottom line approach. The triple bottom line approach has majorly three elements. These three elements are planet, people and profit. Due to this reason, all the modern business organizations interpret a CSR report in their financial statement that reflects the requirements of the stakeholders. However, on the contrary side, there are several criticisms to the aspect of corporate social responsibility. Many economists and business analysts argue that many business organizations carry out the process of corporate social responsibilities just to hide their respective operational process of their unethical business activities. This further misdirects their stakeholders of the business firms. Several controversial industries and organizations who are engaged in business processes of tobacco, alcohol produce goods and services that can be proved to be harmful for their customers even though they per form corporate social activities. Therefore, it is up to the business organizations in what manner they will carry out their business activities through corporate social responsibilities (Azmat and Zutshi, 2012). 2: Relationship of CSR with strategic purpose of the organization Illuminate Ltd The modern business organization has witnessed the importance of corporate social responsibilities to attain their aims and objectives. The main purpose of every business organization like Illuminate Ltd is profit maximization and wealth maximization. This strategic purpose for the organization is to increase the customer base by providing effective quality of goods and services and to carry out the business in an effective manner Bragg (2011). This has direct relationship by meeting the objectives of the stakeholders. The stakeholders of the organization form customers, employees, suppliers, creditors and debtors. These stakeholders can also be segmented with the help of triple bottom line theory of corporate social responsibility. The people forms the employees of the organization, profit forms the profits earned by the respective organization and planet forms the total stakeholders environment of a respective business firm. Corporate social responsibility forms a part of strategic plan for the modern business firms Coombs and Holladay (2012). This is mainly because; the process of corporate social responsibility helps an organization to meet their respective social and economical requirements. The process of CSR involves engagement of the stakeholders in the strategic mission and vision of a respective firm. This can also be done through the application of ethical theories, fair trade theory, triple bottom line theory and engagement of different CSR programs and being responsibility to the society as well as the environment at large Cross and Khuzami (2012). The above diagram interprets how the process of corporate social responsibility meets and helps to attain the strategic purpose and objectives of a business firm like Illuminate Ltd. In addition to this, this also reflects the communication process of corporate social responsibility includes CSR report, company websites, marketing channels, media and word of mouth coverage issues. This processes further helps to minimize the issues of various stakeholders of the entire business firm. This can further help to attain the strategic aims and objectives of a business firm like Illuminate Ltd. This is done through the assist of creation of awareness, attributes, trust, loyalty and advocacy of the overall stakeholders (Daghani et al. 2011). Therefore, it is inferred that the process of corporate social responsibility increase the contingency factor of the modern business firms. In addition to this, the brand image of the firm increases due to effective utilization of the process of corporat e social responsibility. Apart from this, the systematic and unsystematic risks of a business organization can be minimized if that particular organization can implement the process of corporate social responsibility. The process of ethical marketing, sustainability of the environment, development of the communities can also be done through the given CSR process. Through the given theories and process, the organization can gain potential benefit of strategic planning process and techniques. In addition to this, the philanthropic behavior of the organizations demands on the manner in which they carry out their business activities. This can be proved to be extremely effective in terms of their social and environmentally sustainable. Doupnik and Perera (2012) opines that the strategic success and strategic purpose of the organizations depends upon the quality control process of CSR and financial soundness of the modern business firm. Therefore, the management of the organization Illuminate Ltd needs to implemen t the process of corporate social responsibility in order to attain their respective strategic aims and objectives to make their business sustainable in the competitive business environment Follett (2012). 3: Application of the theory of corporate social responsibility while meeting the interests of the group of stakeholders The modern business environment has witnessed several business organizations implementing different forms and concepts of corporate social responsibility to enhance their brand image and meet the requirements of their respective stakeholders. For example, the global organization Coca-Cola utilizes their reserves and surplus in women empowerment and in several water harvesting projects. Such types of program form a part of the corporate social responsibility of the organization Foreman (2013). These forms of activities help to meet the different forms of interests of the stakeholders of the particular business firm. In addition to this, there are several other good examples of corporate social responsibility activities in any given industry. For example, the global giant Microsoft also takes part in several corporate social activities like women empowerment, development in rural areas, disaster management. Their mission and vision is attainment of social and environmental friendly act ivities. The management of the organization aligns their strategic objectives with their corporate social responsibilities to meet the needs and interests of their respective stakeholders (Garrison et al. 2012). With effective CSR activities, the organization is also successful in increasing the shareholder value. This also helps the management to meet the interests of their entire stakeholders. This is also evident from the fact that there is a direct correlation between the strategic alignment of their respective goals and mission with their respective corporate social responsibility activities. As discussed above, there are various dimensions of corporate social responsibility (Haynes et al. 2012). These are people, planet and profit in the triple bottom line theory. This will surely have a positive impact on any particular business organization. The main strategic business objective of any particular organization is to increase their profitability as well as their customer base. With effective form of corporate social responsibility, any particular organization can attain a higher level of success in terms of attaining their respective goals and mission (Harvie, 2011). On the contrary, there are several negative practices of CSR activities on any particular industry. The poor examples of corporate social responsibilities are HSBC, British Petroleum, etc. The organization HSBC has been involved financial unethical practices in their respective financial statements (Tully, 2012). This is a poor example of corporate social responsibility and can have a negative impact on the brand image of the organization. The organization British Petroleum was involved in oil split crisis that not only damaged the society, but also have a negative impact on the global world environment (Jahdi, 2014). This further interprets that the organization has shown a poor example in terms of corporate social responsibilities as per the requirements and interests of the stakeholders. Therefore, this further reflects that the modern business organizations have been successful in setting several poor and good examples in implementing the process and approaches of corporate socia l responsibility in an effective manner. In addition to this, it is of great essence for the organization Illuminate Ltd to carry out different forms of CSR as performed by organizations like Microsoft and Coca-Cola. There are various expectations of the internal and external group of stakeholders of a particular business firm. These can be in the form of increasing their respective shareholder and equity value and keeping the environmental and social standards effectively. It is of great essence for the organization to manage their business activities effectively (Lee and Kim, 2012). This can also be done if an organization makes their business activities sustainable towards environmental and social efforts. This is only possible with effective implementation of CSR process. Recommendations to the board of directors of Illuminate Ltd in order to accept or reject the concept of Corporate Social responsibility There are several recommendations which can be given to the organization Illuminate Ltd in terms of improving and accepting the concept and theories of corporate social responsibilities. This is mainly because the organization can have a positive effect in all parts of the organization. Currently, the major issue of the organization Illuminate Ltd is that the brand equity of the firm is low and the customer base of the organization is also not on the higher side. Therefore, it is of great essence for the firm to increase their customer base as well as the market share by implementing the CSR concept. Apart from this, the business firm requires to implement the good process of CSR activities as followed by the organizations Coca Cola and Microsoft. This will further assist the firm to build up their customer base as well as their market share by a large extent (Lindgreen, 2012). With the application of all the theories of corporate social responsibility, the organization can attain a higher level of competitive advantage and can easily create brand awareness at par with its competitors. In addition to this, it can be also inferred that if the organization implements the tool of triple bottom line theory, then they can easily meet the interest of their shareholders as well as their entire stakeholders in a timely manner (Thomson and Jones, 2015). Apart from this, it can be inferred that the organization can also attain their respective short term and long term goals through effective usage of Corporate Social Responsibility. Apart from this, the board of directors of the organization Illuminate Ltd needs to include their corporate social responsibility report in their financial reports, websites, company journals, etc (LoÃÅ'ˆber, 2012). This will also help to create awareness among the stakeholders and also will assist in meeting the requirements of the respective interests of the stakeholders. The CSR report of the organization will further help the organiz ation to solve the issues of shareholders, employees, customers, suppliers, creditors, etc. The global CSR initiative undertaken by the organization will also assist to build up their business environment through ethics and integrity. This will assist the firm to engage their stakeholders in a prospective manner. All the legal and risk management issues can also be solved through the analysis and implementation of Corporate social responsibility process (McDonald, 2014). 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